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Whether you are a pharmacist or a patient, knowing how to store individual medications is essential to ensure they are effective. Although most medicines are stable at room temperature and must be stored in a cool, dry place, some medicines are more sensitive and require refrigeration.
How To Keep Medication Refrigerated While Traveling
Each formulation has specific storage instructions, and if you are a patient, you should always consult them before storing your medication at the pharmacy or at home. Storing drugs at the proper temperature not only helps extend the drug’s shelf life, but also prevents drug failure and degradation.
General Medicine Use & Proper Storage Of Medicines
But there is a lot of confusion about this important topic. So, let’s explore and find out which medicines require refrigeration and which do not.
Medications that require refrigeration include insulin, vaccines, ear and eye drops, various injections, growth hormones, chemotherapy tablets, topical creams and gels, and more. The following list is not exhaustive. Be sure to read the storage instructions for your particular medicine.
Insulin is an injectable drug used to treat diabetes. It is a synthetic human hormone that is very sensitive to temperature and light.
All insulin, whether in vials, pens, cartridges or other containers, must be refrigerated. The most common rapid-acting and long-acting insulins used in the United States include:
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They are stable at room temperature (out of the refrigerator but below 77°F/25°C) for a maximum of 28 to 56 days. Insulin can go bad quickly if stored under improper conditions.
People with diabetes may take oral medications other than insulin to help lower blood sugar. However, most of these medications are also biological and must be stored in the refrigerator to remain effective.
Most ear and eye drops need to be stored in the fridge to stabilize their chemical structure, but once opened they can be kept at room temperature for several days/weeks (usually up to a month). Always check the specific storage instructions for each ear and eye medication before use.
Some, but not all, are used to treat inflammatory diseases (such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, axial spondyloarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, ulcerative colitis, juvenile polyarticular idiopathic arthritis) and certain inflammatory bowel diseases (such as Crohn’s disease) injectable medications. refrigerated as well.
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Most of these drugs are biologics based on active ingredients in the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitor class. They are made from biological resources and cannot withstand heat, frost, temperature fluctuations or exposure to too much light.
They must be refrigerated between 36°F and 46°F (2°C–8°C) and can only be kept at room temperature for a limited time without risk of spoilage and loss of potency.
Vaccines are probably the most vulnerable medicines to cold chain effects. This is because they are natural biological substances containing living organisms called antigens from viruses and bacteria. Unfortunately, like any living thing you can think of, vaccines deteriorate quickly and are damaged when exposed to high temperatures.
Most vaccines need to be refrigerated and can only be kept out of the fridge for a short time (usually just a few hours!).
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Adults with severe chronic migraines can take injectable medications that are monoclonal antibodies to calcitonin gene peptide (CGRP), including:
All three migraine injection medications must be refrigerated between 36°F and 46°F (2°C -8°C) and kept at room temperature for up to 7 days after first use.
Various asthma medications also require refrigeration to remain effective as long as possible, including subcutaneous biologic injections such as:
Most asthma inhalers and aerosol sprays (such as albuterol or ventolin) do not require refrigeration, but must be protected from high temperatures and stored in a cool, dry place. Some of the more sensitive ones may need to be stored and transported at refrigerator temperature. Always read instructions before use and shipping.
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Growth hormone is a biological substance. They are extremely fragile and unstable products. All growth hormones must be stored and transported refrigerated after reconstitution, and even a brief interruption in the cold chain process can affect their effectiveness. Common growth hormones in the United States include:
Growth hormone comes in a variety of forms, including freeze-dried powder in vials and reconstituted dual-chamber cartridges, prefilled cartridges, and prefilled pens. After preparation, it must be kept in the refrigerator and left out of the refrigerator only for a short period of time (read the storage instructions for each individual medicine).
Some (but not all) antibiotics need to be refrigerated to prevent changes in their chemical structure. Most liquid or reconstituted antibiotics have a short shelf life, but that doesn’t necessarily mean they need to be refrigerated. When refrigeration is required, the bottle or container usually clearly says “refrigerate.”
Whether refrigerated or not, most liquid or reconstituted antibiotics must be discarded within days or weeks of opening. Tablet antibiotics usually do not require refrigeration, but be sure to check specific instructions before use.
Expert Tips Can Make Travel With Medication Easier
Although most drug tablets and capsules can be stored in a cool, dry place at room temperature, some drugs are more unstable and require refrigeration, especially chemotherapy and antiretroviral drugs:
This list of temperature-sensitive medications is not exhaustive. Always read the storage instructions for all medicines before using, storing or transporting them.
Pharmacists, health care providers and patients should be careful to ensure that the temperature of their storage refrigerators is correct and does not fluctuate too much. The quality and effectiveness of the medicines depends a lot on it.
Are you a pharmacist, healthcare provider or drug manufacturer? Can you help us keep this list of refrigerated medicines up to date and complete? Please comment below!
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The information provided in this article and its comments is for informational purposes only and is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice. If you have any health concerns or questions, always consult a qualified health care provider.
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The company’s mission is to empower people like you to live their best lives. Our coolers make it easy to pursue your passions and create unforgettable memories, taking the stress out of properly storing your medications. Always stay calm.
Packing for an out-of-town trip can be complicated, especially if it involves air travel. You have to deal with luggage weight, carry-on dimensions, TSA requirements, COVID-19 restrictions, and, for some travelers, how to get refrigerated medications from point A to point B safely. Medications that require refrigeration include insulin, certain antibiotic suspensions, and some biologics.
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This requires careful consideration, said Norman Tomaka, M.Pharm., a clinical consultant pharmacist in Melbourne, Fla., and a spokesman for the American Pharmacists Association. She said you can’t put the medication in your purse with an ice pack and say it’s fine. If you do this, you may be in a rush to get a replacement prescription once you get to your destination.
Tomaka recommends familiarizing yourself with TSA medication regulations as a starting point for flying with refrigerated medications. The TSA website provides a handy list of basic guidelines (thankfully, the 3.4-ounce rule for bringing liquids through airport security does not apply to medications) as well as general information about traveling with a medical condition.
For international travelers, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Guide to Transporting Medicines Abroad is a great resource;
Once you’ve done all of this, Tomaka recommends finding out if your medication requires refrigeration or if you prefer refrigeration (your pharmacist should be able to provide this information). If it is not mandatory, it may be sufficient to freeze it when you arrive at your destination (depending on the length of the trip). If it’s mandatory, you have to find a way to stay calm. Either way, don’t pack prescription medications in your checked luggage.
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“Never put medicine in your luggage,” said Tomaka. “For your safety, it must be carried in your carry-on luggage. Always store medicines in their original packaging and in labeled plastic bags before putting them in the fridge,” advises Tomaka.
When it comes to keeping your medicine cool, there are a few ways to do it, Tomaka said.
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